Update README.md

New RFC8259, no changes to in-doc references.

.gitignore

@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
 # ignore eclipse project files
 .project
 .classpath
+# ignore Intellij Idea project files
+.idea
+*.iml

JSONArray.java

@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ import java.util.Iterator;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
 
+
 /**
  * A JSONArray is an ordered sequence of values. Its external text form is a
  * string wrapped in square brackets with commas separating the values. The
@@ -179,10 +180,16 @@ public class JSONArray implements Iterable<Object> {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Construct a JSONArray from an array
+     * Construct a JSONArray from an array.
+     *
+     * @param array
+     *            Array. If the parameter passed is null, or not an array, an
+     *            exception will be thrown.
      *
      * @throws JSONException
-     *             If not an array.
+     *            If not an array or if an array value is non-finite number.
+     * @throws NullPointerException
+     *            Thrown if the array parameter is null.
      */
     public JSONArray(Object array) throws JSONException {
         this();
@@ -256,13 +263,7 @@ public class JSONArray implements Iterable<Object> {
      *             to a number.
      */
     public double getDouble(int index) throws JSONException {
-        Object object = this.get(index);
+        return this.getNumber(index).doubleValue();
-        try {
-            return object instanceof Number ? ((Number) object).doubleValue()
-                    : Double.parseDouble((String) object);
-        } catch (Exception e) {
-            throw new JSONException("JSONArray[" + index + "] is not a number.", e);
-        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -276,14 +277,7 @@ public class JSONArray implements Iterable<Object> {
      *             object and cannot be converted to a number.
      */
     public float getFloat(int index) throws JSONException {
-        Object object = this.get(index);
+        return this.getNumber(index).floatValue();
-        try {
-            return object instanceof Number ? ((Number) object).floatValue()
-                    : Float.parseFloat(object.toString());
-        } catch (Exception e) {
-            throw new JSONException("JSONArray[" + index
-                    + "] is not a number.", e);
-        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -309,17 +303,19 @@ public class JSONArray implements Iterable<Object> {
     }
 
     /**
-    * Get the enum value associated with an index.
+     * Get the enum value associated with an index.
-    * 
+     * 
-    * @param clazz
+     * @param <E>
-    *            The type of enum to retrieve.
+     *            Enum Type
-    * @param index
+     * @param clazz
-    *            The index must be between 0 and length() - 1.
+     *            The type of enum to retrieve.
-    * @return The enum value at the index location
+     * @param index
-    * @throws JSONException
+     *            The index must be between 0 and length() - 1.
-    *            if the key is not found or if the value cannot be converted
+     * @return The enum value at the index location
-    *            to an enum.
+     * @throws JSONException
-    */
+     *            if the key is not found or if the value cannot be converted
+     *            to an enum.
+     */
     public <E extends Enum<E>> E getEnum(Class<E> clazz, int index) throws JSONException {
         E val = optEnum(clazz, index);
         if(val==null) {
@@ -333,7 +329,10 @@ public class JSONArray implements Iterable<Object> {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Get the BigDecimal value associated with an index.
+     * Get the BigDecimal value associated with an index. If the value is float
+     * or double, the the {@link BigDecimal#BigDecimal(double)} constructor
+     * will be used. See notes on the constructor for conversion issues that
+     * may arise.
      *
      * @param index
      *            The index must be between 0 and length() - 1.
@@ -344,12 +343,12 @@ public class JSONArray implements Iterable<Object> {
      */
     public BigDecimal getBigDecimal (int index) throws JSONException {
         Object object = this.get(index);
-        try {
+        BigDecimal val = JSONObject.objectToBigDecimal(object, null);
-            return new BigDecimal(object.toString());
+        if(val == null) {
-        } catch (Exception e) {
             throw new JSONException("JSONArray[" + index +
-                    "] could not convert to BigDecimal.", e);
+                    "] could not convert to BigDecimal ("+ object + ").");
         }
+        return val;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -364,12 +363,12 @@ public class JSONArray implements Iterable<Object> {
      */
     public BigInteger getBigInteger (int index) throws JSONException {
         Object object = this.get(index);
-        try {
+        BigInteger val = JSONObject.objectToBigInteger(object, null);
-            return new BigInteger(object.toString());
+        if(val == null) {
-        } catch (Exception e) {
             throw new JSONException("JSONArray[" + index +
-                    "] could not convert to BigInteger.", e);
+                    "] could not convert to BigDecimal ("+ object + ").");
         }
+        return val;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -382,13 +381,7 @@ public class JSONArray implements Iterable<Object> {
      *             If the key is not found or if the value is not a number.
      */
     public int getInt(int index) throws JSONException {
-        Object object = this.get(index);
+        return this.getNumber(index).intValue();
-        try {
-            return object instanceof Number ? ((Number) object).intValue()
-                    : Integer.parseInt((String) object);
-        } catch (Exception e) {
-            throw new JSONException("JSONArray[" + index + "] is not a number.", e);
-        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -438,13 +431,7 @@ public class JSONArray implements Iterable<Object> {
      *             to a number.
      */
     public long getLong(int index) throws JSONException {
-        Object object = this.get(index);
+        return this.getNumber(index).longValue();
-        try {
-            return object instanceof Number ? ((Number) object).longValue()
-                    : Long.parseLong((String) object);
-        } catch (Exception e) {
-            throw new JSONException("JSONArray[" + index + "] is not a number.", e);
-        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -465,11 +452,11 @@ public class JSONArray implements Iterable<Object> {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Determine if the value is null.
+     * Determine if the value is <code>null</code>.
      *
      * @param index
      *            The index must be between 0 and length() - 1.
-     * @return true if the value at the index is null, or if there is no value.
+     * @return true if the value at the index is <code>null</code>, or if there is no value.
      */
     public boolean isNull(int index) {
         return JSONObject.NULL.equals(this.opt(index));
@@ -488,13 +475,16 @@ public class JSONArray implements Iterable<Object> {
      */
     public String join(String separator) throws JSONException {
         int len = this.length();
-        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
+        if (len == 0) {
+            return "";
+        }
+        
+        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(
+                   JSONObject.valueToString(this.myArrayList.get(0)));
 
-        for (int i = 0; i < len; i += 1) {
+        for (int i = 1; i < len; i++) {
-            if (i > 0) {
+            sb.append(separator)
-                sb.append(separator);
+              .append(JSONObject.valueToString(this.myArrayList.get(i)));
-            }
-            sb.append(JSONObject.valueToString(this.myArrayList.get(i)));
         }
         return sb.toString();
     }
@@ -577,21 +567,15 @@ public class JSONArray implements Iterable<Object> {
      * @return The value.
      */
     public double optDouble(int index, double defaultValue) {
-        Object val = this.opt(index);
+        final Number val = this.optNumber(index, null);
-        if (JSONObject.NULL.equals(val)) {
+        if (val == null) {
             return defaultValue;
         }
-        if (val instanceof Number){
+        final double doubleValue = val.doubleValue();
-            return ((Number) val).doubleValue();
+        // if (Double.isNaN(doubleValue) || Double.isInfinite(doubleValue)) {
-        }
+        // return defaultValue;
-        if (val instanceof String) {
+        // }
-            try {
+        return doubleValue;
-                return Double.parseDouble((String) val);
-            } catch (Exception e) {
-                return defaultValue;
-            }
-        }
-        return defaultValue;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -619,21 +603,15 @@ public class JSONArray implements Iterable<Object> {
      * @return The value.
      */
     public float optFloat(int index, float defaultValue) {
-        Object val = this.opt(index);
+        final Number val = this.optNumber(index, null);
-        if (JSONObject.NULL.equals(val)) {
+        if (val == null) {
             return defaultValue;
         }
-        if (val instanceof Number){
+        final float floatValue = val.floatValue();
-            return ((Number) val).floatValue();
+        // if (Float.isNaN(floatValue) || Float.isInfinite(floatValue)) {
-        }
+        // return floatValue;
-        if (val instanceof String) {
+        // }
-            try {
+        return floatValue;
-                return Float.parseFloat((String) val);
-            } catch (Exception e) {
-                return defaultValue;
-            }
-        }
-        return defaultValue;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -661,27 +639,18 @@ public class JSONArray implements Iterable<Object> {
      * @return The value.
      */
     public int optInt(int index, int defaultValue) {
-        Object val = this.opt(index);
+        final Number val = this.optNumber(index, null);
-        if (JSONObject.NULL.equals(val)) {
+        if (val == null) {
             return defaultValue;
         }
-        if (val instanceof Number){
+        return val.intValue();
-            return ((Number) val).intValue();
-        }
-        
-        if (val instanceof String) {
-            try {
-                return new BigDecimal(val.toString()).intValue();
-            } catch (Exception e) {
-                return defaultValue;
-            }
-        }
-        return defaultValue;
     }
 
     /**
      * Get the enum value associated with a key.
      * 
+     * @param <E>
+     *            Enum Type
      * @param clazz
      *            The type of enum to retrieve.
      * @param index
@@ -695,6 +664,8 @@ public class JSONArray implements Iterable<Object> {
     /**
      * Get the enum value associated with a key.
      * 
+     * @param <E>
+     *            Enum Type
      * @param clazz
      *            The type of enum to retrieve.
      * @param index
@@ -724,7 +695,6 @@ public class JSONArray implements Iterable<Object> {
         }
     }
 
-
     /**
      * Get the optional BigInteger value associated with an index. The 
      * defaultValue is returned if there is no value for the index, or if the 
@@ -738,37 +708,16 @@ public class JSONArray implements Iterable<Object> {
      */
     public BigInteger optBigInteger(int index, BigInteger defaultValue) {
         Object val = this.opt(index);
-        if (JSONObject.NULL.equals(val)) {
+        return JSONObject.objectToBigInteger(val, defaultValue);
-            return defaultValue;
-        }
-        if (val instanceof BigInteger){
-            return (BigInteger) val;
-        }
-        if (val instanceof BigDecimal){
-            return ((BigDecimal) val).toBigInteger();
-        }
-        if (val instanceof Double || val instanceof Float){
-            return new BigDecimal(((Number) val).doubleValue()).toBigInteger();
-        }
-        if (val instanceof Long || val instanceof Integer
-                || val instanceof Short || val instanceof Byte){
-            return BigInteger.valueOf(((Number) val).longValue());
-        }
-        try {
-            final String valStr = val.toString();
-            if(JSONObject.isDecimalNotation(valStr)) {
-                return new BigDecimal(valStr).toBigInteger();
-            }
-            return new BigInteger(valStr);
-        } catch (Exception e) {
-            return defaultValue;
-        }
     }
 
     /**
      * Get the optional BigDecimal value associated with an index. The 
      * defaultValue is returned if there is no value for the index, or if the 
-     * value is not a number and cannot be converted to a number.
+     * value is not a number and cannot be converted to a number. If the value
+     * is float or double, the the {@link BigDecimal#BigDecimal(double)}
+     * constructor will be used. See notes on the constructor for conversion
+     * issues that may arise.
      *
      * @param index
      *            The index must be between 0 and length() - 1.
@@ -778,27 +727,7 @@ public class JSONArray implements Iterable<Object> {
      */
     public BigDecimal optBigDecimal(int index, BigDecimal defaultValue) {
         Object val = this.opt(index);
-        if (JSONObject.NULL.equals(val)) {
+        return JSONObject.objectToBigDecimal(val, defaultValue);
-            return defaultValue;
-        }
-        if (val instanceof BigDecimal){
-            return (BigDecimal) val;
-        }
-        if (val instanceof BigInteger){
-            return new BigDecimal((BigInteger) val);
-        }
-        if (val instanceof Double || val instanceof Float){
-            return new BigDecimal(((Number) val).doubleValue());
-        }
-        if (val instanceof Long || val instanceof Integer
-                || val instanceof Short || val instanceof Byte){
-            return new BigDecimal(((Number) val).longValue());
-        }
-        try {
-            return new BigDecimal(val.toString());
-        } catch (Exception e) {
-            return defaultValue;
-        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -853,22 +782,11 @@ public class JSONArray implements Iterable<Object> {
      * @return The value.
      */
     public long optLong(int index, long defaultValue) {
-        Object val = this.opt(index);
+        final Number val = this.optNumber(index, null);
-        if (JSONObject.NULL.equals(val)) {
+        if (val == null) {
             return defaultValue;
         }
-        if (val instanceof Number){
+        return val.longValue();
-            return ((Number) val).longValue();
-        }
-        
-        if (val instanceof String) {
-            try {
-                return new BigDecimal(val.toString()).longValue();
-            } catch (Exception e) {
-                return defaultValue;
-            }
-        }
-        return defaultValue;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -953,8 +871,7 @@ public class JSONArray implements Iterable<Object> {
      * @return this.
      */
     public JSONArray put(boolean value) {
-        this.put(value ? Boolean.TRUE : Boolean.FALSE);
+        return this.put(value ? Boolean.TRUE : Boolean.FALSE);
-        return this;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -964,10 +881,11 @@ public class JSONArray implements Iterable<Object> {
      * @param value
      *            A Collection value.
      * @return this.
+     * @throws JSONException
+     *            If the value is non-finite number.
      */
     public JSONArray put(Collection<?> value) {
-        this.put(new JSONArray(value));
+        return this.put(new JSONArray(value));
-        return this;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -975,15 +893,25 @@ public class JSONArray implements Iterable<Object> {
      *
      * @param value
      *            A double value.
+     * @return this.
      * @throws JSONException
      *             if the value is not finite.
-     * @return this.
      */
     public JSONArray put(double value) throws JSONException {
-        Double d = new Double(value);
+        return this.put(Double.valueOf(value));
-        JSONObject.testValidity(d);
+    }
-        this.put(d);
+    
-        return this;
+    /**
+     * Append a float value. This increases the array's length by one.
+     *
+     * @param value
+     *            A float value.
+     * @return this.
+     * @throws JSONException
+     *             if the value is not finite.
+     */
+    public JSONArray put(float value) throws JSONException {
+        return this.put(Float.valueOf(value));
     }
 
     /**
@@ -994,8 +922,7 @@ public class JSONArray implements Iterable<Object> {
      * @return this.
      */
     public JSONArray put(int value) {
-        this.put(new Integer(value));
+        return this.put(Integer.valueOf(value));
-        return this;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1006,8 +933,7 @@ public class JSONArray implements Iterable<Object> {
      * @return this.
      */
     public JSONArray put(long value) {
-        this.put(new Long(value));
+        return this.put(Long.valueOf(value));
-        return this;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1017,10 +943,13 @@ public class JSONArray implements Iterable<Object> {
      * @param value
      *            A Map value.
      * @return this.
+     * @throws JSONException
+     *            If a value in the map is non-finite number.
+     * @throws NullPointerException
+     *            If a key in the map is <code>null</code>
      */
     public JSONArray put(Map<?, ?> value) {
-        this.put(new JSONObject(value));
+        return this.put(new JSONObject(value));
-        return this;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1031,8 +960,11 @@ public class JSONArray implements Iterable<Object> {
      *            Integer, JSONArray, JSONObject, Long, or String, or the
      *            JSONObject.NULL object.
      * @return this.
+     * @throws JSONException
+     *            If the value is non-finite number.
      */
     public JSONArray put(Object value) {
+        JSONObject.testValidity(value);
         this.myArrayList.add(value);
         return this;
     }
@@ -1051,8 +983,7 @@ public class JSONArray implements Iterable<Object> {
      *             If the index is negative.
      */
     public JSONArray put(int index, boolean value) throws JSONException {
-        this.put(index, value ? Boolean.TRUE : Boolean.FALSE);
+        return this.put(index, value ? Boolean.TRUE : Boolean.FALSE);
-        return this;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1065,11 +996,10 @@ public class JSONArray implements Iterable<Object> {
      *            A Collection value.
      * @return this.
      * @throws JSONException
-     *             If the index is negative or if the value is not finite.
+     *             If the index is negative or if the value is non-finite.
      */
     public JSONArray put(int index, Collection<?> value) throws JSONException {
-        this.put(index, new JSONArray(value));
+        return this.put(index, new JSONArray(value));
-        return this;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1083,11 +1013,27 @@ public class JSONArray implements Iterable<Object> {
      *            A double value.
      * @return this.
      * @throws JSONException
-     *             If the index is negative or if the value is not finite.
+     *             If the index is negative or if the value is non-finite.
      */
     public JSONArray put(int index, double value) throws JSONException {
-        this.put(index, new Double(value));
+        return this.put(index, Double.valueOf(value));
-        return this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Put or replace a float value. If the index is greater than the length of
+     * the JSONArray, then null elements will be added as necessary to pad it
+     * out.
+     *
+     * @param index
+     *            The subscript.
+     * @param value
+     *            A float value.
+     * @return this.
+     * @throws JSONException
+     *             If the index is negative or if the value is non-finite.
+     */
+    public JSONArray put(int index, float value) throws JSONException {
+        return this.put(index, Float.valueOf(value));
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1104,8 +1050,7 @@ public class JSONArray implements Iterable<Object> {
      *             If the index is negative.
      */
     public JSONArray put(int index, int value) throws JSONException {
-        this.put(index, new Integer(value));
+        return this.put(index, Integer.valueOf(value));
-        return this;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1122,8 +1067,7 @@ public class JSONArray implements Iterable<Object> {
      *             If the index is negative.
      */
     public JSONArray put(int index, long value) throws JSONException {
-        this.put(index, new Long(value));
+        return this.put(index, Long.valueOf(value));
-        return this;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1138,6 +1082,8 @@ public class JSONArray implements Iterable<Object> {
      * @throws JSONException
      *             If the index is negative or if the the value is an invalid
      *             number.
+     * @throws NullPointerException
+     *             If a key in the map is <code>null</code>
      */
     public JSONArray put(int index, Map<?, ?> value) throws JSONException {
         this.put(index, new JSONObject(value));
@@ -1161,25 +1107,26 @@ public class JSONArray implements Iterable<Object> {
      *             number.
      */
     public JSONArray put(int index, Object value) throws JSONException {
-        JSONObject.testValidity(value);
         if (index < 0) {
             throw new JSONException("JSONArray[" + index + "] not found.");
         }
         if (index < this.length()) {
+            JSONObject.testValidity(value);
             this.myArrayList.set(index, value);
-        } else if(index == this.length()){
+            return this;
-            // simple append
-            this.put(value);
-        } else {
-            // if we are inserting past the length, we want to grow the array all at once
-            // instead of incrementally.
-            this.myArrayList.ensureCapacity(index + 1);
-            while (index != this.length()) {
-                this.put(JSONObject.NULL);
-            }
-            this.put(value);
         }
-        return this;
+        if(index == this.length()){
+            // simple append
+            return this.put(value);
+        }
+        // if we are inserting past the length, we want to grow the array all at once
+        // instead of incrementally.
+        this.myArrayList.ensureCapacity(index + 1);
+        while (index != this.length()) {
+            // we don't need to test validity of NULL objects
+            this.myArrayList.add(JSONObject.NULL);
+        }
+        return this.put(value);
     }
     
     /**
@@ -1206,8 +1153,8 @@ public class JSONArray implements Iterable<Object> {
     }
     
     /**
-     * Uses a uaer initialized JSONPointer  and tries to 
+     * Uses a user initialized JSONPointer  and tries to 
-     * match it to an item whithin this JSONArray. For example, given a
+     * match it to an item within this JSONArray. For example, given a
      * JSONArray initialized with this document:
      * <pre>
      * [
@@ -1322,7 +1269,7 @@ public class JSONArray implements Iterable<Object> {
      *             If any of the names are null.
      */
     public JSONObject toJSONObject(JSONArray names) throws JSONException {
-        if (names == null || names.length() == 0 || this.length() == 0) {
+        if (names == null || names.isEmpty() || this.isEmpty()) {
             return null;
         }
         JSONObject jo = new JSONObject(names.length());
@@ -1498,4 +1445,14 @@ public class JSONArray implements Iterable<Object> {
         }
         return results;
     }
+
+    /**
+     * Check if JSONArray is empty.
+     *
+     * @return true if JSONArray is empty, otherwise false.
+     */
+    public boolean isEmpty() {
+        return this.myArrayList.isEmpty();
+    }
+
 }

JSONObject.java

@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ import java.io.Closeable;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.StringWriter;
 import java.io.Writer;
+import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
 import java.lang.reflect.Field;
 import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
 import java.lang.reflect.Method;
@@ -44,6 +45,7 @@ import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Map.Entry;
 import java.util.ResourceBundle;
 import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.regex.Pattern;
 
 /**
  * A JSONObject is an unordered collection of name/value pairs. Its external
@@ -149,6 +151,12 @@ public class JSONObject {
             return "null";
         }
     }
+    
+    /**
+     *  Regular Expression Pattern that matches JSON Numbers. This is primarily used for
+     *  output to guarantee that we are always writing valid JSON. 
+     */
+    static final Pattern NUMBER_PATTERN = Pattern.compile("-?(?:0|[1-9]\\d*)(?:\\.\\d+)?(?:[eE][+-]?\\d+)?");
 
     /**
      * The map where the JSONObject's properties are kept.
@@ -271,6 +279,10 @@ public class JSONObject {
      * @param m
      *            A map object that can be used to initialize the contents of
      *            the JSONObject.
+     * @throws JSONException
+     *            If a value in the map is non-finite number.
+     * @throws NullPointerException
+     *            If a key in the map is <code>null</code>
      */
     public JSONObject(Map<?, ?> m) {
         if (m == null) {
@@ -278,6 +290,9 @@ public class JSONObject {
         } else {
             this.map = new HashMap<String, Object>(m.size());
         	for (final Entry<?, ?> e : m.entrySet()) {
+        	    if(e.getKey() == null) {
+        	        throw new NullPointerException("Null key.");
+        	    }
                 final Object value = e.getValue();
                 if (value != null) {
                     this.map.put(String.valueOf(e.getKey()), wrap(value));
@@ -298,13 +313,47 @@ public class JSONObject {
      * prefix. If the second remaining character is not upper case, then the
      * first character is converted to lower case.
      * <p>
+     * Methods that are <code>static</code>, return <code>void</code>,
+     * have parameters, or are "bridge" methods, are ignored.
+     * <p>
      * For example, if an object has a method named <code>"getName"</code>, and
      * if the result of calling <code>object.getName()</code> is
      * <code>"Larry Fine"</code>, then the JSONObject will contain
      * <code>"name": "Larry Fine"</code>.
      * <p>
-     * Methods that return <code>void</code> as well as <code>static</code>
+     * The {@link JSONPropertyName} annotation can be used on a bean getter to
-     * methods are ignored.
+     * override key name used in the JSONObject. For example, using the object
+     * above with the <code>getName</code> method, if we annotated it with:
+     * <pre>
+     * &#64;JSONPropertyName("FullName")
+     * public String getName() { return this.name; }
+     * </pre>
+     * The resulting JSON object would contain <code>"FullName": "Larry Fine"</code>
+     * <p>
+     * Similarly, the {@link JSONPropertyName} annotation can be used on non-
+     * <code>get</code> and <code>is</code> methods. We can also override key
+     * name used in the JSONObject as seen below even though the field would normally
+     * be ignored:
+     * <pre>
+     * &#64;JSONPropertyName("FullName")
+     * public String fullName() { return this.name; }
+     * </pre>
+     * The resulting JSON object would contain <code>"FullName": "Larry Fine"</code>
+     * <p>
+     * The {@link JSONPropertyIgnore} annotation can be used to force the bean property
+     * to not be serialized into JSON. If both {@link JSONPropertyIgnore} and
+     * {@link JSONPropertyName} are defined on the same method, a depth comparison is
+     * performed and the one closest to the concrete class being serialized is used.
+     * If both annotations are at the same level, then the {@link JSONPropertyIgnore}
+     * annotation takes precedent and the field is not serialized.
+     * For example, the following declaration would prevent the <code>getName</code>
+     * method from being serialized:
+     * <pre>
+     * &#64;JSONPropertyName("FullName")
+     * &#64;JSONPropertyIgnore 
+     * public String getName() { return this.name; }
+     * </pre>
+     * <p>
      * 
      * @param bean
      *            An object that has getter methods that should be used to make
@@ -428,7 +477,9 @@ public class JSONObject {
      *            An object to be accumulated under the key.
      * @return this.
      * @throws JSONException
-     *             If the value is an invalid number or if the key is null.
+     *            If the value is non-finite number.
+     * @throws NullPointerException
+     *            If the key is <code>null</code>.
      */
     public JSONObject accumulate(String key, Object value) throws JSONException {
         testValidity(value);
@@ -457,8 +508,10 @@ public class JSONObject {
      *            An object to be accumulated under the key.
      * @return this.
      * @throws JSONException
-     *             If the key is null or if the current value associated with
+     *            If the value is non-finite number or if the current value associated with
      *             the key is not a JSONArray.
+     * @throws NullPointerException
+     *            If the key is <code>null</code>.
      */
     public JSONObject append(String key, Object value) throws JSONException {
         testValidity(value);
@@ -523,17 +576,19 @@ public class JSONObject {
     }
 
     /**
-    * Get the enum value associated with a key.
+     * Get the enum value associated with a key.
-    * 
+     * 
-    * @param clazz
+     * @param <E>
-    *           The type of enum to retrieve.
+     *            Enum Type
-    * @param key
+     * @param clazz
-    *           A key string.
+     *           The type of enum to retrieve.
-    * @return The enum value associated with the key
+     * @param key
-    * @throws JSONException
+     *           A key string.
-    *             if the key is not found or if the value cannot be converted
+     * @return The enum value associated with the key
-    *             to an enum.
+     * @throws JSONException
-    */
+     *             if the key is not found or if the value cannot be converted
+     *             to an enum.
+     */
     public <E extends Enum<E>> E getEnum(Class<E> clazz, String key) throws JSONException {
         E val = optEnum(clazz, key);
         if(val==null) {
@@ -584,16 +639,19 @@ public class JSONObject {
      */
     public BigInteger getBigInteger(String key) throws JSONException {
         Object object = this.get(key);
-        try {
+        BigInteger ret = objectToBigInteger(object, null);
-            return new BigInteger(object.toString());
+        if (ret != null) {
-        } catch (Exception e) {
+            return ret;
-            throw new JSONException("JSONObject[" + quote(key)
-                    + "] could not be converted to BigInteger.", e);
         }
+        throw new JSONException("JSONObject[" + quote(key)
+                + "] could not be converted to BigInteger (" + object + ").");
     }
 
     /**
-     * Get the BigDecimal value associated with a key.
+     * Get the BigDecimal value associated with a key. If the value is float or
+     * double, the the {@link BigDecimal#BigDecimal(double)} constructor will
+     * be used. See notes on the constructor for conversion issues that may
+     * arise.
      *
      * @param key
      *            A key string.
@@ -604,15 +662,12 @@ public class JSONObject {
      */
     public BigDecimal getBigDecimal(String key) throws JSONException {
         Object object = this.get(key);
-        if (object instanceof BigDecimal) {
+        BigDecimal ret = objectToBigDecimal(object, null);
-            return (BigDecimal)object;
+        if (ret != null) {
-        }
+            return ret;
-        try {
-            return new BigDecimal(object.toString());
-        } catch (Exception e) {
-            throw new JSONException("JSONObject[" + quote(key)
-                    + "] could not be converted to BigDecimal.", e);
         }
+        throw new JSONException("JSONObject[" + quote(key)
+                + "] could not be converted to BigDecimal (" + object + ").");
     }
 
     /**
@@ -626,14 +681,7 @@ public class JSONObject {
      *             object and cannot be converted to a number.
      */
     public double getDouble(String key) throws JSONException {
-        Object object = this.get(key);
+        return this.getNumber(key).doubleValue();
-        try {
-            return object instanceof Number ? ((Number) object).doubleValue()
-                    : Double.parseDouble(object.toString());
-        } catch (Exception e) {
-            throw new JSONException("JSONObject[" + quote(key)
-                    + "] is not a number.", e);
-        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -647,14 +695,7 @@ public class JSONObject {
      *             object and cannot be converted to a number.
      */
     public float getFloat(String key) throws JSONException {
-        Object object = this.get(key);
+        return this.getNumber(key).floatValue();
-        try {
-            return object instanceof Number ? ((Number) object).floatValue()
-                    : Float.parseFloat(object.toString());
-        } catch (Exception e) {
-            throw new JSONException("JSONObject[" + quote(key)
-                    + "] is not a number.", e);
-        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -691,14 +732,7 @@ public class JSONObject {
      *             to an integer.
      */
     public int getInt(String key) throws JSONException {
-        Object object = this.get(key);
+        return this.getNumber(key).intValue();
-        try {
-            return object instanceof Number ? ((Number) object).intValue()
-                    : Integer.parseInt((String) object);
-        } catch (Exception e) {
-            throw new JSONException("JSONObject[" + quote(key)
-                    + "] is not an int.", e);
-        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -748,32 +782,28 @@ public class JSONObject {
      *             to a long.
      */
     public long getLong(String key) throws JSONException {
-        Object object = this.get(key);
+        return this.getNumber(key).longValue();
-        try {
-            return object instanceof Number ? ((Number) object).longValue()
-                    : Long.parseLong((String) object);
-        } catch (Exception e) {
-            throw new JSONException("JSONObject[" + quote(key)
-                    + "] is not a long.", e);
-        }
     }
 
     /**
      * Get an array of field names from a JSONObject.
      *
+     * @param jo
+     *            JSON object
      * @return An array of field names, or null if there are no names.
      */
     public static String[] getNames(JSONObject jo) {
-        int length = jo.length();
+        if (jo.isEmpty()) {
-        if (length == 0) {
             return null;
         }
-        return jo.keySet().toArray(new String[length]);
+        return jo.keySet().toArray(new String[jo.length()]);
     }
 
     /**
-     * Get an array of field names from an Object.
+     * Get an array of public field names from an Object.
      *
+     * @param object
+     *            object to read
      * @return An array of field names, or null if there are no names.
      */
     public static String[] getNames(Object object) {
@@ -856,13 +886,13 @@ public class JSONObject {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Determine if the value associated with the key is null or if there is no
+     * Determine if the value associated with the key is <code>null</code> or if there is no
      * value.
      *
      * @param key
      *            A key string.
      * @return true if there is no value associated with the key or if the value
-     *         is the JSONObject.NULL object.
+     *        is the JSONObject.NULL object.
      */
     public boolean isNull(String key) {
         return JSONObject.NULL.equals(this.opt(key));
@@ -917,12 +947,21 @@ public class JSONObject {
         return this.map.size();
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Check if JSONObject is empty.
+     *
+     * @return true if JSONObject is empty, otherwise false.
+     */
+    public boolean isEmpty() {
+        return this.map.isEmpty();
+    }
+
     /**
      * Produce a JSONArray containing the names of the elements of this
      * JSONObject.
      *
      * @return A JSONArray containing the key strings, or null if the JSONObject
-     *         is empty.
+     *        is empty.
      */
     public JSONArray names() {
     	if(this.map.isEmpty()) {
@@ -975,6 +1014,8 @@ public class JSONObject {
     /**
      * Get the enum value associated with a key.
      * 
+     * @param <E>
+     *            Enum Type
      * @param clazz
      *            The type of enum to retrieve.
      * @param key
@@ -988,6 +1029,8 @@ public class JSONObject {
     /**
      * Get the enum value associated with a key.
      * 
+     * @param <E>
+     *            Enum Type
      * @param clazz
      *            The type of enum to retrieve.
      * @param key
@@ -1059,7 +1102,10 @@ public class JSONObject {
     /**
      * Get an optional BigDecimal associated with a key, or the defaultValue if
      * there is no such key or if its value is not a number. If the value is a
-     * string, an attempt will be made to evaluate it as a number.
+     * string, an attempt will be made to evaluate it as a number. If the value
+     * is float or double, then the {@link BigDecimal#BigDecimal(double)}
+     * constructor will be used. See notes on the constructor for conversion
+     * issues that may arise.
      *
      * @param key
      *            A key string.
@@ -1069,6 +1115,16 @@ public class JSONObject {
      */
     public BigDecimal optBigDecimal(String key, BigDecimal defaultValue) {
         Object val = this.opt(key);
+        return objectToBigDecimal(val, defaultValue);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param val value to convert
+     * @param defaultValue default value to return is the conversion doesn't work or is null.
+     * @return BigDecimal conversion of the original value, or the defaultValue if unable
+     *          to convert. 
+     */
+    static BigDecimal objectToBigDecimal(Object val, BigDecimal defaultValue) {
         if (NULL.equals(val)) {
             return defaultValue;
         }
@@ -1079,6 +1135,10 @@ public class JSONObject {
             return new BigDecimal((BigInteger) val);
         }
         if (val instanceof Double || val instanceof Float){
+            final double d = ((Number) val).doubleValue();
+            if(Double.isNaN(d)) {
+                return defaultValue;
+            }
             return new BigDecimal(((Number) val).doubleValue());
         }
         if (val instanceof Long || val instanceof Integer
@@ -1106,6 +1166,16 @@ public class JSONObject {
      */
     public BigInteger optBigInteger(String key, BigInteger defaultValue) {
         Object val = this.opt(key);
+        return objectToBigInteger(val, defaultValue);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param val value to convert
+     * @param defaultValue default value to return is the conversion doesn't work or is null.
+     * @return BigInteger conversion of the original value, or the defaultValue if unable
+     *          to convert. 
+     */
+    static BigInteger objectToBigInteger(Object val, BigInteger defaultValue) {
         if (NULL.equals(val)) {
             return defaultValue;
         }
@@ -1116,7 +1186,11 @@ public class JSONObject {
             return ((BigDecimal) val).toBigInteger();
         }
         if (val instanceof Double || val instanceof Float){
-            return new BigDecimal(((Number) val).doubleValue()).toBigInteger();
+            final double d = ((Number) val).doubleValue();
+            if(Double.isNaN(d)) {
+                return defaultValue;
+            }
+            return new BigDecimal(d).toBigInteger();
         }
         if (val instanceof Long || val instanceof Integer
                 || val instanceof Short || val instanceof Byte){
@@ -1164,21 +1238,15 @@ public class JSONObject {
      * @return An object which is the value.
      */
     public double optDouble(String key, double defaultValue) {
-        Object val = this.opt(key);
+        Number val = this.optNumber(key);
-        if (NULL.equals(val)) {
+        if (val == null) {
             return defaultValue;
         }
-        if (val instanceof Number){
+        final double doubleValue = val.doubleValue();
-            return ((Number) val).doubleValue();
+        // if (Double.isNaN(doubleValue) || Double.isInfinite(doubleValue)) {
-        }
+        // return defaultValue;
-        if (val instanceof String) {
+        // }
-            try {
+        return doubleValue;
-                return Double.parseDouble((String) val);
-            } catch (Exception e) {
-                return defaultValue;
-            }
-        }
-        return defaultValue;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1206,21 +1274,15 @@ public class JSONObject {
      * @return The value.
      */
     public float optFloat(String key, float defaultValue) {
-        Object val = this.opt(key);
+        Number val = this.optNumber(key);
-        if (JSONObject.NULL.equals(val)) {
+        if (val == null) {
             return defaultValue;
         }
-        if (val instanceof Number){
+        final float floatValue = val.floatValue();
-            return ((Number) val).floatValue();
+        // if (Float.isNaN(floatValue) || Float.isInfinite(floatValue)) {
-        }
+        // return defaultValue;
-        if (val instanceof String) {
+        // }
-            try {
+        return floatValue;
-                return Float.parseFloat((String) val);
-            } catch (Exception e) {
-                return defaultValue;
-            }
-        }
-        return defaultValue;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1248,22 +1310,11 @@ public class JSONObject {
      * @return An object which is the value.
      */
     public int optInt(String key, int defaultValue) {
-        Object val = this.opt(key);
+        final Number val = this.optNumber(key, null);
-        if (NULL.equals(val)) {
+        if (val == null) {
             return defaultValue;
         }
-        if (val instanceof Number){
+        return val.intValue();
-            return ((Number) val).intValue();
-        }
-        
-        if (val instanceof String) {
-            try {
-                return new BigDecimal((String) val).intValue();
-            } catch (Exception e) {
-                return defaultValue;
-            }
-        }
-        return defaultValue;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1317,22 +1368,12 @@ public class JSONObject {
      * @return An object which is the value.
      */
     public long optLong(String key, long defaultValue) {
-        Object val = this.opt(key);
+        final Number val = this.optNumber(key, null);
-        if (NULL.equals(val)) {
+        if (val == null) {
             return defaultValue;
         }
-        if (val instanceof Number){
-            return ((Number) val).longValue();
-        }
         
-        if (val instanceof String) {
+        return val.longValue();
-            try {
-                return new BigDecimal((String) val).longValue();
-            } catch (Exception e) {
-                return defaultValue;
-            }
-        }
-        return defaultValue;
     }
     
     /**
@@ -1370,14 +1411,11 @@ public class JSONObject {
             return (Number) val;
         }
         
-        if (val instanceof String) {
+        try {
-            try {
+            return stringToNumber(val.toString());
-                return stringToNumber((String) val);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
-            } catch (Exception e) {
+            return defaultValue;
-                return defaultValue;
-            }
         }
-        return defaultValue;
     }
     
     /**
@@ -1409,8 +1447,8 @@ public class JSONObject {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Populates the internal map of the JSONObject with the bean properties.
+     * Populates the internal map of the JSONObject with the bean properties. The
-     * The bean can not be recursive.
+     * bean can not be recursive.
      *
      * @see JSONObject#JSONObject(Object)
      *
@@ -1420,49 +1458,31 @@ public class JSONObject {
     private void populateMap(Object bean) {
         Class<?> klass = bean.getClass();
 
-// If klass is a System class then set includeSuperClass to false.
+        // If klass is a System class then set includeSuperClass to false.
 
         boolean includeSuperClass = klass.getClassLoader() != null;
 
-        Method[] methods = includeSuperClass ? klass.getMethods() : klass
+        Method[] methods = includeSuperClass ? klass.getMethods() : klass.getDeclaredMethods();
-                .getDeclaredMethods();
         for (final Method method : methods) {
             final int modifiers = method.getModifiers();
             if (Modifier.isPublic(modifiers)
                     && !Modifier.isStatic(modifiers)
                     && method.getParameterTypes().length == 0
                     && !method.isBridge()
-                    && method.getReturnType() != Void.TYPE ) {
+                    && method.getReturnType() != Void.TYPE
-                final String name = method.getName();
+                    && isValidMethodName(method.getName())) {
-                String key;
+                final String key = getKeyNameFromMethod(method);
-                if (name.startsWith("get")) {
+                if (key != null && !key.isEmpty()) {
-                    if ("getClass".equals(name) || "getDeclaringClass".equals(name)) {
-                        continue;
-                    }
-                    key = name.substring(3);
-                } else if (name.startsWith("is")) {
-                    key = name.substring(2);
-                } else {
-                    continue;
-                }
-                if (key.length() > 0
-                        && Character.isUpperCase(key.charAt(0))) {
-                    if (key.length() == 1) {
-                        key = key.toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT);
-                    } else if (!Character.isUpperCase(key.charAt(1))) {
-                        key = key.substring(0, 1).toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT)
-                                + key.substring(1);
-                    }
-
                     try {
                         final Object result = method.invoke(bean);
                         if (result != null) {
                             this.map.put(key, wrap(result));
                             // we don't use the result anywhere outside of wrap
-                            // if it's a resource we should be sure to close it after calling toString
+                            // if it's a resource we should be sure to close it
-                            if(result instanceof Closeable) {
+                            // after calling toString
+                            if (result instanceof Closeable) {
                                 try {
-                                    ((Closeable)result).close();
+                                    ((Closeable) result).close();
                                 } catch (IOException ignore) {
                                 }
                             }
@@ -1476,6 +1496,162 @@ public class JSONObject {
         }
     }
 
+    private boolean isValidMethodName(String name) {
+        return !"getClass".equals(name) && !"getDeclaringClass".equals(name);
+    }
+
+    private String getKeyNameFromMethod(Method method) {
+        final int ignoreDepth = getAnnotationDepth(method, JSONPropertyIgnore.class);
+        if (ignoreDepth > 0) {
+            final int forcedNameDepth = getAnnotationDepth(method, JSONPropertyName.class);
+            if (forcedNameDepth < 0 || ignoreDepth <= forcedNameDepth) {
+                // the hierarchy asked to ignore, and the nearest name override
+                // was higher or non-existent
+                return null;
+            }
+        }
+        JSONPropertyName annotation = getAnnotation(method, JSONPropertyName.class);
+        if (annotation != null && annotation.value() != null && !annotation.value().isEmpty()) {
+            return annotation.value();
+        }
+        String key;
+        final String name = method.getName();
+        if (name.startsWith("get") && name.length() > 3) {
+            key = name.substring(3);
+        } else if (name.startsWith("is") && name.length() > 2) {
+            key = name.substring(2);
+        } else {
+            return null;
+        }
+        // if the first letter in the key is not uppercase, then skip.
+        // This is to maintain backwards compatibility before PR406
+        // (https://github.com/stleary/JSON-java/pull/406/)
+        if (Character.isLowerCase(key.charAt(0))) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        if (key.length() == 1) {
+            key = key.toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT);
+        } else if (!Character.isUpperCase(key.charAt(1))) {
+            key = key.substring(0, 1).toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT) + key.substring(1);
+        }
+        return key;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Searches the class hierarchy to see if the method or it's super
+     * implementations and interfaces has the annotation.
+     *
+     * @param <A>
+     *            type of the annotation
+     *
+     * @param m
+     *            method to check
+     * @param annotationClass
+     *            annotation to look for
+     * @return the {@link Annotation} if the annotation exists on the current method
+     *         or one of it's super class definitions
+     */
+    private static <A extends Annotation> A getAnnotation(final Method m, final Class<A> annotationClass) {
+        // if we have invalid data the result is null
+        if (m == null || annotationClass == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        if (m.isAnnotationPresent(annotationClass)) {
+            return m.getAnnotation(annotationClass);
+        }
+
+        // if we've already reached the Object class, return null;
+        Class<?> c = m.getDeclaringClass();
+        if (c.getSuperclass() == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        // check directly implemented interfaces for the method being checked
+        for (Class<?> i : c.getInterfaces()) {
+            try {
+                Method im = i.getMethod(m.getName(), m.getParameterTypes());
+                return getAnnotation(im, annotationClass);
+            } catch (final SecurityException ex) {
+                continue;
+            } catch (final NoSuchMethodException ex) {
+                continue;
+            }
+        }
+
+        try {
+            return getAnnotation(
+                    c.getSuperclass().getMethod(m.getName(), m.getParameterTypes()),
+                    annotationClass);
+        } catch (final SecurityException ex) {
+            return null;
+        } catch (final NoSuchMethodException ex) {
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Searches the class hierarchy to see if the method or it's super
+     * implementations and interfaces has the annotation. Returns the depth of the
+     * annotation in the hierarchy.
+     *
+     * @param <A>
+     *            type of the annotation
+     *
+     * @param m
+     *            method to check
+     * @param annotationClass
+     *            annotation to look for
+     * @return Depth of the annotation or -1 if the annotation is not on the method.
+     */
+    private static int getAnnotationDepth(final Method m, final Class<? extends Annotation> annotationClass) {
+        // if we have invalid data the result is -1
+        if (m == null || annotationClass == null) {
+            return -1;
+        }
+
+        if (m.isAnnotationPresent(annotationClass)) {
+            return 1;
+        }
+
+        // if we've already reached the Object class, return -1;
+        Class<?> c = m.getDeclaringClass();
+        if (c.getSuperclass() == null) {
+            return -1;
+        }
+
+        // check directly implemented interfaces for the method being checked
+        for (Class<?> i : c.getInterfaces()) {
+            try {
+                Method im = i.getMethod(m.getName(), m.getParameterTypes());
+                int d = getAnnotationDepth(im, annotationClass);
+                if (d > 0) {
+                    // since the annotation was on the interface, add 1
+                    return d + 1;
+                }
+            } catch (final SecurityException ex) {
+                continue;
+            } catch (final NoSuchMethodException ex) {
+                continue;
+            }
+        }
+
+        try {
+            int d = getAnnotationDepth(
+                    c.getSuperclass().getMethod(m.getName(), m.getParameterTypes()),
+                    annotationClass);
+            if (d > 0) {
+                // since the annotation was on the superclass, add 1
+                return d + 1;
+            }
+            return -1;
+        } catch (final SecurityException ex) {
+            return -1;
+        } catch (final NoSuchMethodException ex) {
+            return -1;
+        }
+    }
+
     /**
      * Put a key/boolean pair in the JSONObject.
      *
@@ -1485,11 +1661,12 @@ public class JSONObject {
      *            A boolean which is the value.
      * @return this.
      * @throws JSONException
-     *             If the key is null.
+     *            If the value is non-finite number.
+     * @throws NullPointerException
+     *            If the key is <code>null</code>.
      */
     public JSONObject put(String key, boolean value) throws JSONException {
-        this.put(key, value ? Boolean.TRUE : Boolean.FALSE);
+        return this.put(key, value ? Boolean.TRUE : Boolean.FALSE);
-        return this;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1502,10 +1679,12 @@ public class JSONObject {
      *            A Collection value.
      * @return this.
      * @throws JSONException
+     *            If the value is non-finite number.
+     * @throws NullPointerException
+     *            If the key is <code>null</code>.
      */
     public JSONObject put(String key, Collection<?> value) throws JSONException {
-        this.put(key, new JSONArray(value));
+        return this.put(key, new JSONArray(value));
-        return this;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1517,11 +1696,12 @@ public class JSONObject {
      *            A double which is the value.
      * @return this.
      * @throws JSONException
-     *             If the key is null or if the number is invalid.
+     *            If the value is non-finite number.
+     * @throws NullPointerException
+     *            If the key is <code>null</code>.
      */
     public JSONObject put(String key, double value) throws JSONException {
-        this.put(key, Double.valueOf(value));
+        return this.put(key, Double.valueOf(value));
-        return this;
     }
     
     /**
@@ -1533,11 +1713,12 @@ public class JSONObject {
      *            A float which is the value.
      * @return this.
      * @throws JSONException
-     *             If the key is null or if the number is invalid.
+     *            If the value is non-finite number.
+     * @throws NullPointerException
+     *            If the key is <code>null</code>.
      */
     public JSONObject put(String key, float value) throws JSONException {
-        this.put(key, Float.valueOf(value));
+        return this.put(key, Float.valueOf(value));
-        return this;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1549,11 +1730,12 @@ public class JSONObject {
      *            An int which is the value.
      * @return this.
      * @throws JSONException
-     *             If the key is null.
+     *            If the value is non-finite number.
+     * @throws NullPointerException
+     *            If the key is <code>null</code>.
      */
     public JSONObject put(String key, int value) throws JSONException {
-        this.put(key, Integer.valueOf(value));
+        return this.put(key, Integer.valueOf(value));
-        return this;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1565,11 +1747,12 @@ public class JSONObject {
      *            A long which is the value.
      * @return this.
      * @throws JSONException
-     *             If the key is null.
+     *            If the value is non-finite number.
+     * @throws NullPointerException
+     *            If the key is <code>null</code>.
      */
     public JSONObject put(String key, long value) throws JSONException {
-        this.put(key, Long.valueOf(value));
+        return this.put(key, Long.valueOf(value));
-        return this;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1582,14 +1765,16 @@ public class JSONObject {
      *            A Map value.
      * @return this.
      * @throws JSONException
+     *            If the value is non-finite number.
+     * @throws NullPointerException
+     *            If the key is <code>null</code>.
      */
     public JSONObject put(String key, Map<?, ?> value) throws JSONException {
-        this.put(key, new JSONObject(value));
+        return this.put(key, new JSONObject(value));
-        return this;
     }
 
     /**
-     * Put a key/value pair in the JSONObject. If the value is null, then the
+     * Put a key/value pair in the JSONObject. If the value is <code>null</code>, then the
      * key will be removed from the JSONObject if it is present.
      *
      * @param key
@@ -1600,7 +1785,9 @@ public class JSONObject {
      *            String, or the JSONObject.NULL object.
      * @return this.
      * @throws JSONException
-     *             If the value is non-finite number or if the key is null.
+     *            If the value is non-finite number.
+     * @throws NullPointerException
+     *            If the key is <code>null</code>.
      */
     public JSONObject put(String key, Object value) throws JSONException {
         if (key == null) {
@@ -1620,8 +1807,10 @@ public class JSONObject {
      * are both non-null, and only if there is not already a member with that
      * name.
      *
-     * @param key string
+     * @param key
-     * @param value object
+     *            key to insert into
+     * @param value
+     *            value to insert
      * @return this.
      * @throws JSONException
      *             if the key is a duplicate
@@ -1631,7 +1820,7 @@ public class JSONObject {
             if (this.opt(key) != null) {
                 throw new JSONException("Duplicate key \"" + key + "\"");
             }
-            this.put(key, value);
+            return this.put(key, value);
         }
         return this;
     }
@@ -1652,7 +1841,7 @@ public class JSONObject {
      */
     public JSONObject putOpt(String key, Object value) throws JSONException {
         if (key != null && value != null) {
-            this.put(key, value);
+            return this.put(key, value);
         }
         return this;
     }
@@ -1732,9 +1921,10 @@ public class JSONObject {
 
     /**
      * Produce a string in double quotes with backslash sequences in all the
-     * right places. A backslash will be inserted within </, producing <\/,
+     * right places. A backslash will be inserted within &lt;/, producing
-     * allowing JSON text to be delivered in HTML. In JSON text, a string cannot
+     * &lt;\/, allowing JSON text to be delivered in HTML. In JSON text, a
-     * contain a control character or an unescaped quote or backslash.
+     * string cannot contain a control character or an unescaped quote or
+     * backslash.
      *
      * @param string
      *            A String
@@ -1753,7 +1943,7 @@ public class JSONObject {
     }
 
     public static Writer quote(String string, Writer w) throws IOException {
-        if (string == null || string.length() == 0) {
+        if (string == null || string.isEmpty()) {
             w.write("\"\"");
             return w;
         }
@@ -1947,22 +2137,26 @@ public class JSONObject {
      * can't be converted, return the string.
      *
      * @param string
-     *            A String.
+     *            A String. can not be null.
      * @return A simple JSON value.
+     * @throws NullPointerException
+     *             Thrown if the string is null.
      */
     // Changes to this method must be copied to the corresponding method in
     // the XML class to keep full support for Android
     public static Object stringToValue(String string) {
-        if (string.equals("")) {
+        if ("".equals(string)) {
             return string;
         }
-        if (string.equalsIgnoreCase("true")) {
+
+        // check JSON key words true/false/null
+        if ("true".equalsIgnoreCase(string)) {
             return Boolean.TRUE;
         }
-        if (string.equalsIgnoreCase("false")) {
+        if ("false".equalsIgnoreCase(string)) {
             return Boolean.FALSE;
         }
-        if (string.equalsIgnoreCase("null")) {
+        if ("null".equalsIgnoreCase(string)) {
             return JSONObject.NULL;
         }
 
@@ -1974,7 +2168,8 @@ public class JSONObject {
         char initial = string.charAt(0);
         if ((initial >= '0' && initial <= '9') || initial == '-') {
             try {
-                // if we want full Big Number support this block can be replaced with:
+                // if we want full Big Number support the contents of this
+                // `try` block can be replaced with:
                 // return stringToNumber(string);
                 if (isDecimalNotation(string)) {
                     Double d = Double.valueOf(string);
@@ -2032,7 +2227,7 @@ public class JSONObject {
      *             If any of the values are non-finite numbers.
      */
     public JSONArray toJSONArray(JSONArray names) throws JSONException {
-        if (names == null || names.length() == 0) {
+        if (names == null || names.isEmpty()) {
             return null;
         }
         JSONArray ja = new JSONArray();
@@ -2130,7 +2325,7 @@ public class JSONObject {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Wrap an object, if necessary. If the object is null, return the NULL
+     * Wrap an object, if necessary. If the object is <code>null</code>, return the NULL
      * object. If it is an array or collection, wrap it in a JSONArray. If it is
      * a map, wrap it in a JSONObject. If it is a standard property (Double,
      * String, et al) then it is already wrapped. Otherwise, if it comes from
@@ -2211,13 +2406,9 @@ public class JSONObject {
         } else if (value instanceof Number) {
             // not all Numbers may match actual JSON Numbers. i.e. fractions or Imaginary
             final String numberAsString = numberToString((Number) value);
-            try {
+            if(NUMBER_PATTERN.matcher(numberAsString).matches()) {
-                // Use the BigDecimal constructor for its parser to validate the format.
-                @SuppressWarnings("unused")
-                BigDecimal testNum = new BigDecimal(numberAsString);
-                // Close enough to a JSON number that we will use it unquoted
                 writer.write(numberAsString);
-            } catch (NumberFormatException ex){
+            } else {
                 // The Number value is not a valid JSON number.
                 // Instead we will quote it as a string
                 quote(numberAsString, writer);

JSONPointer.java

@@ -158,9 +158,28 @@ public class JSONPointer {
             throw new IllegalArgumentException("a JSON pointer should start with '/' or '#/'");
         }
         this.refTokens = new ArrayList<String>();
-        for (String token : refs.split("/")) {
+        int slashIdx = -1;
-            this.refTokens.add(unescape(token));
+        int prevSlashIdx = 0;
-        }
+        do {
+            prevSlashIdx = slashIdx + 1;
+            slashIdx = refs.indexOf('/', prevSlashIdx);
+            if(prevSlashIdx == slashIdx || prevSlashIdx == refs.length()) {
+                // found 2 slashes in a row ( obj//next )
+                // or single slash at the end of a string ( obj/test/ )
+                this.refTokens.add("");
+            } else if (slashIdx >= 0) {
+                final String token = refs.substring(prevSlashIdx, slashIdx);
+                this.refTokens.add(unescape(token));
+            } else {
+                // last item after separator, or no separator at all.
+                final String token = refs.substring(prevSlashIdx);
+                this.refTokens.add(unescape(token));
+            }
+        } while (slashIdx >= 0);
+        // using split does not take into account consecutive separators or "ending nulls"
+        //for (String token : refs.split("/")) {
+        //    this.refTokens.add(unescape(token));
+        //}
     }
 
     public JSONPointer(List<String> refTokens) {
@@ -214,8 +233,8 @@ public class JSONPointer {
             int index = Integer.parseInt(indexToken);
             JSONArray currentArr = (JSONArray) current;
             if (index >= currentArr.length()) {
-                throw new JSONPointerException(format("index %d is out of bounds - the array has %d elements", index,
+                throw new JSONPointerException(format("index %s is out of bounds - the array has %d elements", indexToken,
-                        currentArr.length()));
+                        Integer.valueOf(currentArr.length())));
             }
             try {
 				return currentArr.get(index);

JSONPropertyIgnore.java

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+package org.json;
+
+/*
+Copyright (c) 2018 JSON.org
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+The Software shall be used for Good, not Evil.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.
+*/
+
+import static java.lang.annotation.ElementType.METHOD;
+import static java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME;
+
+import java.lang.annotation.Documented;
+import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
+import java.lang.annotation.Target;
+
+@Documented
+@Retention(RUNTIME)
+@Target({METHOD})
+/**
+ * Use this annotation on a getter method to override the Bean name
+ * parser for Bean -> JSONObject mapping. If this annotation is
+ * present at any level in the class hierarchy, then the method will
+ * not be serialized from the bean into the JSONObject.
+ */
+public @interface JSONPropertyIgnore { }

JSONPropertyName.java

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+package org.json;
+
+/*
+Copyright (c) 2018 JSON.org
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+The Software shall be used for Good, not Evil.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.
+*/
+
+import static java.lang.annotation.ElementType.METHOD;
+import static java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME;
+
+import java.lang.annotation.Documented;
+import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
+import java.lang.annotation.Target;
+
+@Documented
+@Retention(RUNTIME)
+@Target({METHOD})
+/**
+ * Use this annotation on a getter method to override the Bean name
+ * parser for Bean -&gt; JSONObject mapping. A value set to empty string <code>""</code>
+ * will have the Bean parser fall back to the default field name processing.
+ */
+public @interface JSONPropertyName {
+    /**
+     * @return The name of the property as to be used in the JSON Object.
+     */
+    String value();
+}

JSONTokener.java

@@ -448,7 +448,9 @@ public class JSONTokener {
             sb.append(c);
             c = this.next();
         }
-        this.back();
+        if (!this.eof) {
+            this.back();
+        }
 
         string = sb.toString().trim();
         if ("".equals(string)) {

JSONWriter.java

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 package org.json;
 
 import java.io.IOException;
-import java.math.BigDecimal;
 import java.util.Collection;
 import java.util.Map;
 
@@ -326,31 +325,27 @@ public class JSONWriter {
             return "null";
         }
         if (value instanceof JSONString) {
-            Object object;
+            String object;
             try {
                 object = ((JSONString) value).toJSONString();
             } catch (Exception e) {
                 throw new JSONException(e);
             }
-            if (object instanceof String) {
+            if (object != null) {
-                return (String) object;
+                return object;
             }
             throw new JSONException("Bad value from toJSONString: " + object);
         }
         if (value instanceof Number) {
             // not all Numbers may match actual JSON Numbers. i.e. Fractions or Complex
             final String numberAsString = JSONObject.numberToString((Number) value);
-            try {
+            if(JSONObject.NUMBER_PATTERN.matcher(numberAsString).matches()) {
-                // Use the BigDecimal constructor for it's parser to validate the format.
-                @SuppressWarnings("unused")
-                BigDecimal unused = new BigDecimal(numberAsString);
                 // Close enough to a JSON number that we will return it unquoted
                 return numberAsString;
-            } catch (NumberFormatException ex){
-                // The Number value is not a valid JSON number.
-                // Instead we will quote it as a string
-                return JSONObject.quote(numberAsString);
             }
+            // The Number value is not a valid JSON number.
+            // Instead we will quote it as a string
+            return JSONObject.quote(numberAsString);
         }
         if (value instanceof Boolean || value instanceof JSONObject
                 || value instanceof JSONArray) {
@@ -391,7 +386,7 @@ public class JSONWriter {
      * @throws JSONException If the number is not finite.
      */
     public JSONWriter value(double d) throws JSONException {
-        return this.value(new Double(d));
+        return this.value(Double.valueOf(d));
     }
 
     /**

README.md

@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@ JSON in Java [package org.json]
 
 [![Maven Central](https://img.shields.io/maven-central/v/org.json/json.svg)](https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.json/json)
 
+**[Click here if you just want the latest release jar file.](http://central.maven.org/maven2/org/json/json/20180813/json-20180813.jar)**
+
 JSON is a light-weight, language independent, data interchange format.
 See http://www.JSON.org/
 
@@ -40,6 +42,18 @@ by this package.
 JSON Pointers both in the form of string representation and URI fragment
 representation.
 
+**JSONPropertyIgnore.java**: Annotation class that can be used on Java Bean getter methods.
+When used on a bean method that would normally be serialized into a `JSONObject`, it
+overrides the getter-to-key-name logic and forces the property to be excluded from the
+resulting `JSONObject`.
+
+**JSONPropertyName.java**: Annotation class that can be used on Java Bean getter methods.
+When used on a bean method that would normally be serialized into a `JSONObject`, it
+overrides the getter-to-key-name logic and uses the value of the annotation. The Bean
+processor will look through the class hierarchy. This means you can use the annotation on
+a base class or interface and the value of the annotation will be used even if the getter
+is overridden in a child class.   
+
 **JSONString.java**: The `JSONString` interface requires a `toJSONString` method,
 allowing an object to provide its own serialization.
 
@@ -74,7 +88,7 @@ https://github.com/stleary/JSON-Java-unit-test
 
 Numeric types in this package comply with
 [ECMA-404: The JSON Data Interchange Format](http://www.ecma-international.org/publications/files/ECMA-ST/ECMA-404.pdf) and
-[RFC 7159: The JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) Data Interchange Format](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7159#section-6).
+[RFC 8259: The JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) Data Interchange Format](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8259#section-6).
 This package fully supports `Integer`, `Long`, and `Double` Java types. Partial support
 for `BigInteger` and `BigDecimal` values in `JSONObject` and `JSONArray` objects is provided
 in the form of `get()`, `opt()`, and `put()` API methods.
@@ -82,7 +96,7 @@ in the form of `get()`, `opt()`, and `put()` API methods.
 Although 1.6 compatibility is currently supported, it is not a project goal and may be
 removed in some future release.
 
-In compliance with RFC7159 page 10 section 9, the parser is more lax with what is valid
+In compliance with RFC8259 page 10 section 9, the parser is more lax with what is valid
 JSON than the Generator. For Example, the tab character (U+0009) is allowed when reading
 JSON Text strings, but when output by the Generator, tab is properly converted to \t in
 the string. Other instances may occur where reading invalid JSON text does not cause an
@@ -93,6 +107,8 @@ invalid number formats (1.2e6.3) will cause errors as such documents can not be
 Release history:
 
 ~~~
+20180813    POM change to include Automatic-Module-Name (#431)
+
 20180130    Recent commits
 
 20171018    Checkpoint for recent commits.
@@ -119,4 +135,4 @@ as of 29 July, 2015.
 
 JSON-java releases can be found by searching the Maven repository for groupId "org.json"
 and artifactId "json". For example:
-https://search.maven.org/#search%7Cgav%7C1%7Cg%3A%22org.json%22%20AND%20a%3A%22json%22
+https://search.maven.org/search?q=g:org.json%20AND%20a:json&core=gav

XML.java

@@ -24,17 +24,20 @@ OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
 SOFTWARE.
 */
 
+import java.io.Reader;
+import java.io.StringReader;
 import java.util.Iterator;
 
 /**
  * This provides static methods to convert an XML text into a JSONObject, and to
  * covert a JSONObject into an XML text.
- * 
+ *
  * @author JSON.org
  * @version 2016-08-10
  */
 @SuppressWarnings("boxing")
 public class XML {
+
     /** The Character '&'. */
     public static final Character AMP = '&';
 
@@ -61,7 +64,12 @@ public class XML {
 
     /** The Character '/'. */
     public static final Character SLASH = '/';
-    
+
+    /**
+     * Null attrubute name
+     */
+    public static final String NULL_ATTR = "xsi:nil";
+
     /**
      * Creates an iterator for navigating Code Points in a string instead of
      * characters. Once Java7 support is dropped, this can be replaced with
@@ -69,7 +77,7 @@ public class XML {
      * string.codePoints()
      * </code>
      * which is available in Java8 and above.
-     * 
+     *
      * @see <a href=
      *      "http://stackoverflow.com/a/21791059/6030888">http://stackoverflow.com/a/21791059/6030888</a>
      */
@@ -104,7 +112,7 @@ public class XML {
 
     /**
      * Replace special characters with XML escapes:
-     * 
+     *
      * <pre>
      * &amp; <small>(ampersand)</small> is replaced by &amp;amp;
      * &lt; <small>(less than)</small> is replaced by &amp;lt;
@@ -112,7 +120,7 @@ public class XML {
      * &quot; <small>(double quote)</small> is replaced by &amp;quot;
      * &apos; <small>(single quote / apostrophe)</small> is replaced by &amp;apos;
      * </pre>
-     * 
+     *
      * @param string
      *            The string to be escaped.
      * @return The escaped string.
@@ -148,17 +156,17 @@ public class XML {
         }
         return sb.toString();
     }
-    
+
     /**
      * @param cp code point to test
      * @return true if the code point is not valid for an XML
      */
     private static boolean mustEscape(int cp) {
         /* Valid range from https://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml/#charsets
-         * 
+         *
-         * #x9 | #xA | #xD | [#x20-#xD7FF] | [#xE000-#xFFFD] | [#x10000-#x10FFFF] 
+         * #x9 | #xA | #xD | [#x20-#xD7FF] | [#xE000-#xFFFD] | [#x10000-#x10FFFF]
-         * 
+         *
-         * any Unicode character, excluding the surrogate blocks, FFFE, and FFFF. 
+         * any Unicode character, excluding the surrogate blocks, FFFE, and FFFF.
          */
         // isISOControl is true when (cp >= 0 && cp <= 0x1F) || (cp >= 0x7F && cp <= 0x9F)
         // all ISO control characters are out of range except tabs and new lines
@@ -177,7 +185,7 @@ public class XML {
 
     /**
      * Removes XML escapes from the string.
-     * 
+     *
      * @param string
      *            string to remove escapes from
      * @return string with converted entities
@@ -209,7 +217,7 @@ public class XML {
     /**
      * Throw an exception if the string contains whitespace. Whitespace is not
      * allowed in tagNames and attributes.
-     * 
+     *
      * @param string
      *            A string.
      * @throws JSONException Thrown if the string contains whitespace or is empty.
@@ -229,7 +237,7 @@ public class XML {
 
     /**
      * Scan the content following the named tag, attaching it to the context.
-     * 
+     *
      * @param x
      *            The XMLTokener containing the source string.
      * @param context
@@ -239,7 +247,7 @@ public class XML {
      * @return true if the close tag is processed.
      * @throws JSONException
      */
-    private static boolean parse(XMLTokener x, JSONObject context, String name, boolean keepStrings)
+    private static boolean parse(XMLTokener x, JSONObject context, String name, XMLParserConfiguration config)
             throws JSONException {
         char c;
         int i;
@@ -276,7 +284,7 @@ public class XML {
                     if (x.next() == '[') {
                         string = x.nextCDATA();
                         if (string.length() > 0) {
-                            context.accumulate("content", string);
+                            context.accumulate(config.cDataTagName, string);
                         }
                         return false;
                     }
@@ -325,6 +333,7 @@ public class XML {
             tagName = (String) token;
             token = null;
             jsonobject = new JSONObject();
+            boolean nilAttributeFound = false;
             for (;;) {
                 if (token == null) {
                     token = x.nextToken();
@@ -338,8 +347,17 @@ public class XML {
                         if (!(token instanceof String)) {
                             throw x.syntaxError("Missing value");
                         }
-                        jsonobject.accumulate(string,
+
-                                keepStrings ? ((String)token) : stringToValue((String) token));
+                        if (config.convertNilAttributeToNull
+                                && NULL_ATTR.equals(string)
+                                && Boolean.parseBoolean((String) token)) {
+                            nilAttributeFound = true;
+                        } else if (!nilAttributeFound) {
+                            jsonobject.accumulate(string,
+                                    config.keepStrings
+                                            ? ((String) token)
+                                            : stringToValue((String) token));
+                        }
                         token = null;
                     } else {
                         jsonobject.accumulate(string, "");
@@ -351,7 +369,9 @@ public class XML {
                     if (x.nextToken() != GT) {
                         throw x.syntaxError("Misshaped tag");
                     }
-                    if (jsonobject.length() > 0) {
+                    if (nilAttributeFound) {
+                        context.accumulate(tagName, JSONObject.NULL);
+                    } else if (jsonobject.length() > 0) {
                         context.accumulate(tagName, jsonobject);
                     } else {
                         context.accumulate(tagName, "");
@@ -370,19 +390,19 @@ public class XML {
                         } else if (token instanceof String) {
                             string = (String) token;
                             if (string.length() > 0) {
-                                jsonobject.accumulate("content",
+                                jsonobject.accumulate(config.cDataTagName,
-                                        keepStrings ? string : stringToValue(string));
+                                        config.keepStrings ? string : stringToValue(string));
                             }
 
                         } else if (token == LT) {
                             // Nested element
-                            if (parse(x, jsonobject, tagName,keepStrings)) {
+                            if (parse(x, jsonobject, tagName, config)) {
                                 if (jsonobject.length() == 0) {
                                     context.accumulate(tagName, "");
                                 } else if (jsonobject.length() == 1
-                                        && jsonobject.opt("content") != null) {
+                                        && jsonobject.opt(config.cDataTagName) != null) {
                                     context.accumulate(tagName,
-                                            jsonobject.opt("content"));
+                                            jsonobject.opt(config.cDataTagName));
                                 } else {
                                     context.accumulate(tagName, jsonobject);
                                 }
@@ -396,10 +416,10 @@ public class XML {
             }
         }
     }
-    
+
     /**
      * This method is the same as {@link JSONObject#stringToValue(String)}.
-     * 
+     *
      * @param string String to convert
      * @return JSON value of this string or the string
      */
@@ -460,16 +480,92 @@ public class XML {
      * elements are represented as JSONArrays. Content text may be placed in a
      * "content" member. Comments, prologs, DTDs, and <code>&lt;[ [ ]]></code>
      * are ignored.
-     * 
+     *
      * @param string
      *            The source string.
      * @return A JSONObject containing the structured data from the XML string.
      * @throws JSONException Thrown if there is an errors while parsing the string
      */
     public static JSONObject toJSONObject(String string) throws JSONException {
-        return toJSONObject(string, false);
+        return toJSONObject(string, XMLParserConfiguration.ORIGINAL);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Convert a well-formed (but not necessarily valid) XML into a
+     * JSONObject. Some information may be lost in this transformation because
+     * JSON is a data format and XML is a document format. XML uses elements,
+     * attributes, and content text, while JSON uses unordered collections of
+     * name/value pairs and arrays of values. JSON does not does not like to
+     * distinguish between elements and attributes. Sequences of similar
+     * elements are represented as JSONArrays. Content text may be placed in a
+     * "content" member. Comments, prologs, DTDs, and <code>&lt;[ [ ]]></code>
+     * are ignored.
+     *
+     * @param reader The XML source reader.
+     * @return A JSONObject containing the structured data from the XML string.
+     * @throws JSONException Thrown if there is an errors while parsing the string
+     */
+    public static JSONObject toJSONObject(Reader reader) throws JSONException {
+        return toJSONObject(reader, XMLParserConfiguration.ORIGINAL);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Convert a well-formed (but not necessarily valid) XML into a
+     * JSONObject. Some information may be lost in this transformation because
+     * JSON is a data format and XML is a document format. XML uses elements,
+     * attributes, and content text, while JSON uses unordered collections of
+     * name/value pairs and arrays of values. JSON does not does not like to
+     * distinguish between elements and attributes. Sequences of similar
+     * elements are represented as JSONArrays. Content text may be placed in a
+     * "content" member. Comments, prologs, DTDs, and <code>&lt;[ [ ]]></code>
+     * are ignored.
+     *
+     * All values are converted as strings, for 1, 01, 29.0 will not be coerced to
+     * numbers but will instead be the exact value as seen in the XML document.
+     *
+     * @param reader The XML source reader.
+     * @param keepStrings If true, then values will not be coerced into boolean
+     *  or numeric values and will instead be left as strings
+     * @return A JSONObject containing the structured data from the XML string.
+     * @throws JSONException Thrown if there is an errors while parsing the string
+     */
+    public static JSONObject toJSONObject(Reader reader, boolean keepStrings) throws JSONException {
+        if(keepStrings) {
+            return toJSONObject(reader, XMLParserConfiguration.KEEP_STRINGS);
+        }
+        return toJSONObject(reader, XMLParserConfiguration.ORIGINAL);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Convert a well-formed (but not necessarily valid) XML into a
+     * JSONObject. Some information may be lost in this transformation because
+     * JSON is a data format and XML is a document format. XML uses elements,
+     * attributes, and content text, while JSON uses unordered collections of
+     * name/value pairs and arrays of values. JSON does not does not like to
+     * distinguish between elements and attributes. Sequences of similar
+     * elements are represented as JSONArrays. Content text may be placed in a
+     * "content" member. Comments, prologs, DTDs, and <code>&lt;[ [ ]]></code>
+     * are ignored.
+     *
+     * All values are converted as strings, for 1, 01, 29.0 will not be coerced to
+     * numbers but will instead be the exact value as seen in the XML document.
+     *
+     * @param reader The XML source reader.
+     * @param config Configuration options for the parser
+     * @return A JSONObject containing the structured data from the XML string.
+     * @throws JSONException Thrown if there is an errors while parsing the string
+     */
+    public static JSONObject toJSONObject(Reader reader, XMLParserConfiguration config) throws JSONException {
+        JSONObject jo = new JSONObject();
+        XMLTokener x = new XMLTokener(reader);
+        while (x.more()) {
+            x.skipPast("<");
+            if(x.more()) {
+                parse(x, jo, null, config);
+            }
+        }
+        return jo;
+    }
 
     /**
      * Convert a well-formed (but not necessarily valid) XML string into a
@@ -481,10 +577,10 @@ public class XML {
      * elements are represented as JSONArrays. Content text may be placed in a
      * "content" member. Comments, prologs, DTDs, and <code>&lt;[ [ ]]></code>
      * are ignored.
-     * 
+     *
      * All values are converted as strings, for 1, 01, 29.0 will not be coerced to
      * numbers but will instead be the exact value as seen in the XML document.
-     * 
+     *
      * @param string
      *            The source string.
      * @param keepStrings If true, then values will not be coerced into boolean
@@ -493,31 +589,48 @@ public class XML {
      * @throws JSONException Thrown if there is an errors while parsing the string
      */
     public static JSONObject toJSONObject(String string, boolean keepStrings) throws JSONException {
-        JSONObject jo = new JSONObject();
+        return toJSONObject(new StringReader(string), keepStrings);
-        XMLTokener x = new XMLTokener(string);
-        while (x.more()) {
-        	x.skipPast("<");
-        	if(x.more()) {
-        		parse(x, jo, null, keepStrings);
-        	}
-        }
-        return jo;
     }
+
+    /**
+     * Convert a well-formed (but not necessarily valid) XML string into a
+     * JSONObject. Some information may be lost in this transformation because
+     * JSON is a data format and XML is a document format. XML uses elements,
+     * attributes, and content text, while JSON uses unordered collections of
+     * name/value pairs and arrays of values. JSON does not does not like to
+     * distinguish between elements and attributes. Sequences of similar
+     * elements are represented as JSONArrays. Content text may be placed in a
+     * "content" member. Comments, prologs, DTDs, and <code>&lt;[ [ ]]></code>
+     * are ignored.
+     *
+     * All values are converted as strings, for 1, 01, 29.0 will not be coerced to
+     * numbers but will instead be the exact value as seen in the XML document.
+     *
+     * @param string
+     *            The source string.
+     * @param config Configuration options for the parser.
+     * @return A JSONObject containing the structured data from the XML string.
+     * @throws JSONException Thrown if there is an errors while parsing the string
+     */
+    public static JSONObject toJSONObject(String string, XMLParserConfiguration config) throws JSONException {
+        return toJSONObject(new StringReader(string), config);
+    }
+
     /**
      * Convert a JSONObject into a well-formed, element-normal XML string.
-     * 
+     *
      * @param object
      *            A JSONObject.
      * @return A string.
      * @throws JSONException Thrown if there is an error parsing the string
      */
     public static String toString(Object object) throws JSONException {
-        return toString(object, null);
+        return toString(object, null, XMLParserConfiguration.ORIGINAL);
     }
 
     /**
      * Convert a JSONObject into a well-formed, element-normal XML string.
-     * 
+     *
      * @param object
      *            A JSONObject.
      * @param tagName
@@ -525,7 +638,23 @@ public class XML {
      * @return A string.
      * @throws JSONException Thrown if there is an error parsing the string
      */
-    public static String toString(final Object object, final String tagName)
+    public static String toString(final Object object, final String tagName) {
+        return toString(object, tagName, XMLParserConfiguration.ORIGINAL);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Convert a JSONObject into a well-formed, element-normal XML string.
+     *
+     * @param object
+     *            A JSONObject.
+     * @param tagName
+     *            The optional name of the enclosing tag.
+     * @param config
+     *            Configuration that can control output to XML.
+     * @return A string.
+     * @throws JSONException Thrown if there is an error parsing the string
+     */
+    public static String toString(final Object object, final String tagName, final XMLParserConfiguration config)
             throws JSONException {
         StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
         JSONArray ja;
@@ -553,7 +682,7 @@ public class XML {
                 }
 
                 // Emit content in body
-                if ("content".equals(key)) {
+                if (key.equals(config.cDataTagName)) {
                     if (value instanceof JSONArray) {
                         ja = (JSONArray) value;
                         int jaLength = ja.length();
@@ -581,12 +710,12 @@ public class XML {
                             sb.append('<');
                             sb.append(key);
                             sb.append('>');
-                            sb.append(toString(val));
+                            sb.append(toString(val, null, config));
                             sb.append("</");
                             sb.append(key);
                             sb.append('>');
                         } else {
-                            sb.append(toString(val, key));
+                            sb.append(toString(val, key, config));
                         }
                     }
                 } else if ("".equals(value)) {
@@ -597,7 +726,7 @@ public class XML {
                     // Emit a new tag <k>
 
                 } else {
-                    sb.append(toString(value, key));
+                    sb.append(toString(value, key, config));
                 }
             }
             if (tagName != null) {
@@ -624,7 +753,7 @@ public class XML {
                 // XML does not have good support for arrays. If an array
                 // appears in a place where XML is lacking, synthesize an
                 // <array> element.
-                sb.append(toString(val, tagName == null ? "array" : tagName));
+                sb.append(toString(val, tagName == null ? "array" : tagName, config));
             }
             return sb.toString();
         }

XMLParserConfiguration.java

@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+package org.json;
+/*
+Copyright (c) 2002 JSON.org
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+The Software shall be used for Good, not Evil.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.
+*/
+
+/**
+ * Configuration object for the XML parser.
+ * @author AylwardJ
+ *
+ */
+public class XMLParserConfiguration {
+    /** Original Configuration of the XML Parser. */
+    public static final XMLParserConfiguration ORIGINAL = new XMLParserConfiguration();
+    /** Original configuration of the XML Parser except that values are kept as strings. */
+    public static final XMLParserConfiguration KEEP_STRINGS = new XMLParserConfiguration(true);
+    /**
+     * When parsing the XML into JSON, specifies if values should be kept as strings (true), or if
+     * they should try to be guessed into JSON values (numeric, boolean, string)
+     */
+    public final boolean keepStrings;
+    /**
+     * The name of the key in a JSON Object that indicates a CDATA section. Historically this has
+     * been the value "content" but can be changed. Use <code>null</code> to indicate no CDATA
+     * processing.
+     */
+    public final String cDataTagName;
+    /**
+     * When parsing the XML into JSON, specifies if values with attribute xsi:nil="true"
+     * should be kept as attribute(false), or they should be converted to null(true)
+     */
+    public final boolean convertNilAttributeToNull;
+
+    /**
+     * Default parser configuration. Does not keep strings, and the CDATA Tag Name is "content".
+     */
+    public XMLParserConfiguration () {
+        this(false, "content", false);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Configure the parser string processing and use the default CDATA Tag Name as "content".
+     * @param keepStrings <code>true</code> to parse all values as string.
+     *      <code>false</code> to try and convert XML string values into a JSON value.
+     */
+    public XMLParserConfiguration (final boolean keepStrings) {
+        this(keepStrings, "content", false);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Configure the parser string processing to try and convert XML values to JSON values and
+     * use the passed CDATA Tag Name the processing value. Pass <code>null</code> to
+     * disable CDATA processing
+     * @param cDataTagName<code>null</code> to disable CDATA processing. Any other value
+     *      to use that value as the JSONObject key name to process as CDATA.
+     */
+    public XMLParserConfiguration (final String cDataTagName) {
+        this(false, cDataTagName, false);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Configure the parser to use custom settings.
+     * @param keepStrings <code>true</code> to parse all values as string.
+     *      <code>false</code> to try and convert XML string values into a JSON value.
+     * @param cDataTagName<code>null</code> to disable CDATA processing. Any other value
+     *      to use that value as the JSONObject key name to process as CDATA.
+     */
+    public XMLParserConfiguration (final boolean keepStrings, final String cDataTagName) {
+        this.keepStrings = keepStrings;
+        this.cDataTagName = cDataTagName;
+        this.convertNilAttributeToNull = false;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Configure the parser to use custom settings.
+     * @param keepStrings <code>true</code> to parse all values as string.
+     *      <code>false</code> to try and convert XML string values into a JSON value.
+     * @param cDataTagName <code>null</code> to disable CDATA processing. Any other value
+     *      to use that value as the JSONObject key name to process as CDATA.
+     * @param convertNilAttributeToNull <code>true</code> to parse values with attribute xsi:nil="true" as null.
+     *                                  <code>false</code> to parse values with attribute xsi:nil="true" as {"xsi:nil":true}.
+     */
+    public XMLParserConfiguration (final boolean keepStrings, final String cDataTagName, final boolean convertNilAttributeToNull) {
+        this.keepStrings = keepStrings;
+        this.cDataTagName = cDataTagName;
+        this.convertNilAttributeToNull = convertNilAttributeToNull;
+    }
+}

XMLTokener.java

@@ -24,6 +24,8 @@ OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
 SOFTWARE.
 */
 
+import java.io.Reader;
+
 /**
  * The XMLTokener extends the JSONTokener to provide additional methods
  * for the parsing of XML texts.
@@ -47,6 +49,14 @@ public class XMLTokener extends JSONTokener {
        entity.put("quot", XML.QUOT);
    }
 
+    /**
+     * Construct an XMLTokener from a Reader.
+     * @param r A source reader.
+     */
+    public XMLTokener(Reader r) {
+        super(r);
+    }
+
     /**
      * Construct an XMLTokener from a string.
      * @param s A source string.
@@ -125,7 +135,7 @@ public class XMLTokener extends JSONTokener {
      * @return  A Character or an entity String if the entity is not recognized.
      * @throws JSONException If missing ';' in XML entity.
      */
-    public Object nextEntity(char ampersand) throws JSONException {
+    public Object nextEntity(@SuppressWarnings("unused") char ampersand) throws JSONException {
         StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
         for (;;) {
             char c = next();